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Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad (Arabic: مُحمّد, pronounced [muħammad]; c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE) was the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet, sent to present and confirm the monotheistic teachings preached previously by Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets. He is viewed as the final prophet of God in all the main branches of Islam, though some modern denominations diverge from this belief. Muhammad united Arabia into a single Muslim polity, with the Quran as well as his teachings and practices forming the basis of Islamic religious belief.
Born approximately 570 CE (Year of the Elephant) in the Arabian city of Mecca, Muhammad was orphaned at six years old. He was raised under the care of his paternal uncle Abu Talib and Abu Talib’s wife Fatimah bint Asad. Periodically, he would seclude himself in a mountain cave named Hira for several nights of prayer; later, at age 40, he reported being visited by Gabriel in the cave,where he stated he received his first revelation from God. Three years later, in 610, Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly, proclaiming that “God is One”, that complete “submission” (islām) to God[12] is the right course of action (dīn), and that he was a prophet and messenger of God, similar to the other prophets in Islam.
Muhammad gained few early followers, and experienced hostility from Meccan polytheists. To escape ongoing persecution, he sent some followers to Abyssinia in 615, before he and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina (then known as Yathrib) later in 622. This event, the Hijra, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, also known as the Hijri Calendar. In Medina, Muhammad united the tribes under the Constitution of Medina. In December 629, after eight years of intermittent wars with Meccan tribes, Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and marched on the city of Mecca. The conquest went largely uncontested and Muhammad seized the city with little bloodshed. In 632, a few months after returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, he fell ill and died. By his death, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam.
The revelations (each known as Ayah, lit. “Sign [of God]”), which Muhammad reported receiving until his death, form the verses of the Quran, regarded by Muslims as the verbatim “Word of God” and around which the religion is based. Besides the Quran, Muhammad’s teachings and practices (sunnah), found in the Hadith and sira (biography) literature, are also upheld and used as sources of Islamic law (see Sharia).
More info at: Muhammad to be a prophet – Wikipedia
Additional Articles associated with this person’s firsts:
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Name(s):
Muhammad
Occupation:
The founder of Islam
Birth:
c. 570
Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia (present-day Saudi Arabia)
Death:
8 June 632
Medina, Hejaz, Arabia (present-day Saudi Arabia)
Spouses:
Khadija bint Khuwaylid (595–619)
Sawda bint Zamʿa (619–632)
Aisha bint Abi Bakr (619–632)
Hafsa bint Umar (624–632)
Zaynab bint Khuzayma (625–627)
Hind bint Abi Umayya (625–632)
Zaynab bint Jahsh (627–632)
Juwayriyya bint al-Harith (628–632)
Ramla bint Abi Sufyan (628–632)
Rayhana bint Zayd (629–631)
Safiyya bint Huyayy (629–632)
Maymunah bint al-Harith (630–632)
Maria al-Qibtiyya (630–632)
Additional Information:
- Muhammad to be a prophet – Wikipedia
Muhammad was the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet, sent to present and confirm the monotheistic teachings preached … - Muhammad: The Prophet – Wikipedia
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh ibn ʿAbdul-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE), in short form Muhammad, is the last Messenger and Prophet of God … - Muhammad | Biography | Britannica.com
Jan 1, 2019 – Alternative Titles: Aḥmad, Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim. … Muhammad, in full Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim, (born c. 570, Mecca, Arabia [now in Saudi Arabia]—died June 8, 632 … - Muhammad Biography – Biography
Visit Biography.com and study the life and legacy of the Prophet Muhammad, founder of Islam. - Prophet Muhammad – Oxford Islamic Studies Online
Muhammad. Muslims believe that Muhammad (ca. 570 – 632 ) was God’s Messenger sent to proclaim in Arabic the same revelation that had been proclaimed … - 10 things you should know about Prophet Muhammad – StepFeed
Prophet Muhammad (570 – 632 AD,) the central figure of Islam, is believed to be the last of the prophets and the last Messenger of God to mankind. - Muhammad: Legacy of a Prophet . Life of Muhammad: HTML Timeline …
570, Muhammad’s Birth and Infancy Muhammad was born in the year 570 in the town of Mecca, a mountain town in the high desert plateau of western Arabia. - The Prophet Muhammad and the Origins of Islam | The Metropolitan …
The rise of Islam is intrinsically linked with the Prophet Muhammad, believed by Muslims to be the last in a long line of prophets that includes Moses and Jesus. - Muhammad: Legacy of a Prophet . Muhammad and Jews of Medina …
There were rabbis among the Jews of Medina, who appear in Muslim sources soon after Muhammad proclaimed himself a prophet. At that time the quizzical … - It’s Not Free Speech to Criticize Muhammad, ECHR Ruled – The Atlantic
A human-rights court upheld an Austrian woman’s conviction for disparaging the Prophet Muhammad. - Islamic Theologian Says Prophet Muhammad Likely Never Existed …
Islamic theologian Muhammad Sven Kalisch has announced a surprising theory: The Prophet Muhammad probably never existed.
Muawiyah I
Muawiyah I (Arabic: معاوية بن أبي سفيان, Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān; 602 – 26 April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate. He was the first who established the Umayyad dynasty in Islam of the caliphate, and was the second caliph from the Umayyad clan, the first being Uthman ibn Affan.
Muawiyah was appointed as the Governor of Syria after his brother Yazid ibn Abu Sufyan died. During the time of Ali ibn Abi Talib, Muawiyah convinced Talha and Zubayr to revolt against Ali. This led to the Battle of the Camel, the first battle in the First Fitna (the first Islamic civil war). In 657, Muawiya’s army attacked the army of Ali at the Battle of Siffin. After the death of Ali in 661, Muawiya’s army approached that of Ali’s son and successor, Hasan ibn Ali. In order to avoid further bloodshed, Hasan signed a peace treaty with Muawiyah. Muawiyah then assumed power; however, Muawiyah ended up breaking all his requirements set out by the peace treaty.
More info at: Muawiyah I – Wikipedia
Additional Articles associated with this person’s firsts:
Name(s):
Muawiyah bin Abi-Sufyan
Occupation:
Founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate
Birth:
602 AD, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Death:
680 AD, Damascus, Syria
Additional Information:
- Muawiyah I – Wikipedia
Muawiyah I was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate. He was the first who established the Umayyad dynasty in Islam of the caliphate, and was … - Muʿāwiyah I | Umayyad caliph | Britannica.com
Muʿāwiyah I, in full Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān, Muʿāwiyah also spelled Moawiyah, (born c. 602, Mecca, Arabia—died April/May 680, Damascus), early Islamic … - Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan
Muawiyah I (Arabic: معاوية ابن أبي سفيان Muʿāwiyah ibn ʾAbī Sufyān; 602–680) was the first Caliph of the Umayyad Dynasty. After the conquest of Mecca by … - Muawiyah – New World Encyclopedia
Oct 25, 2018 – Muawiyah (معاوية) was born (c. 602) into a powerful clan (Banu Abd Shams), of the tribe of the Quraysh. The Quraysh controlled the city of … - Social Intelligence: The Wisdom of Muawiya – Econlib
Nov 12, 2012 – My favorite quotation in the entirety of Larry Gonick’s magisterial Cartoon History of the Universe series is from the Caliph Muawiya. Behold … - Category: Muawiyah I – Wikimedia Commons
May 17, 2018 – Caliph Muawiya Calligaprhy.png. Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg Wikipedia Wikisource-logo.svg Wikisource. Date of birth, 603 (statement with … - Kids.Net.Au – Encyclopedia > Muawiyah I
Mu’awiyah I (602-680), early Islamic leader and founder of the great Umayyad Dynasty[?] of caliphs. He fought against the fourth caliph, ‘Ali[?] (Muhammad’s … - Muawiyah I – معاویة بن ابیسفیان First Caliph of Umayyads Dynasty r …
Apr 17, 2017 – Genealogy for Muawiyah I – معاویة بن ابیسفیان First Caliph of Umayyads Dynasty r.661-680 (deceased) family tree on Geni, with over 185 … - Muawiyah I bin Sakhr (Abu Sufyan), 1st Umayyad Caliph (c.602 – 680 …
Jun 9, 2016 – Genealogy for Muawiyah I bin Sakhr (Abu Sufyan), 1st Umayyad Caliph (c.602 – 680) family tree on Geni, with over 180 million profiles of … - Founders: Who was Muawiya I? | Exploring History
Dec 10, 2017 – Credit to this reemergence mostly went to its founder – Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan. Early Career. Born in 602 in Mecca, Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan …
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